Aloe vera
Scientific Name: Aloe
Other Names: Aloe barbadensis, Aloe species, Burn Plant, Cape Aloe
Should I take it?
Aloe species are thought to have originated at the southern tip of Africa, at least 4,000 years ago. Several hundred species of aloe plants now grow wild in most warm areas of the world. Historical evidence shows that both aloe gel and aloe juice have been used in various medicines and cosmetics since the time of the ancient Egyptians. Due to its moisturizing and soothing properties, aloe gel still is often added to cosmetics, shampoos, and suntanning products-particularly sunburn treatments.
Aloe belongs to the succulent group of plants, which means that its thick leaves hold large stores of water. Relatively slow-growing, evergreen perennials, aloes may take up to 4 years to mature. Most aloe plants live 10 years to 15 years and they multiply by sending out shoots. Unlike most other plants, which "shut-down" at night, aloes produce oxygen in both daylight and darkness. Common as non-blooming houseplants in mild climates, aloes are grown outdoors on farms in the Caribbean, Africa, and Australia. Under cultivation, their leaves, which are usually sword-shaped with spiky or saw-toothed edges, may reach 3 feet in length. Aloe leaves grow in a ring. In tropical climates, a central stalk produces a yellowish bloom during the winter. For commercial use, several of the larger leaves are taken from each plant every few weeks.
Dosage and Administration
Note: Oral doses of aloe juice taken continually for several days have resulted in kidney irritation, kidney failure, and death. Aloe juice should not be taken by mouth.
Aloe gel is available in a number of topical products such as creams, gels, lotions, and ointments. It can also be obtained directly from an aloe houseplant, simply by breaking off one of the plant's leaves and applying the clear gel that oozes out of the break. Either from a fresh aloe plant or as a commercial preparation, aloe gel may be applied as often as needed. If a rash, redness, or swelling develops at the site of application, however, the aloe gel should be washed off with cool water and not re-applied.
Summary
In the United States, aloe juice is no longer recommended for use as a laxative. Aloe gel, however, is common as a moisturizer. It may also have anti-inflammatory and other effects that help to relieve skin conditions, especially sunburn. Both aloe gel and aloe juice may have antidiabetic properties, but not enough is known to recommend either for treating diabetes.
Risks
Aloe juice should not be taken by mouth-particularly by:
- Pregnant or breast-feeding women
- Children under the age of 18
- Individuals who have esophageal, stomach, or bowel disease
- Individuals with hemorrhoids
Individuals who are allergic to other members of the lily family of plants may also be sensitive to aloe.
Side Effects
Cases of kidney damage, including incidents of kidney failure or death, have been attributed to the oral use of aloe juice. A case of hepatitis due to aloe ingestion has been reported. Taking aloe juice may also decrease blood levels of potassium. Other possible side effects include diarrhea and stomach cramps.
Occasionally, applying aloe gel may result in a rash or itching.
Interactions
The chance of low potassium levels may increase if aloe juice is taken with prescription drugs such as corticosteroids, non-prescription laxatives, or herbal products that may also decrease potassium levels. The effects and side effects of digoxin and herbals that may have digoxin-like activity may be increased by taking aloe by mouth.
Last Revised May 3, 2007
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Should I take it? 
